Why Do I Need a Thermal Response Test?
Good question. Put simply, the UK has some of the most complicated and varied geology in Europe, and whereas other countries may be able to rely on published data to provide accurate and reliable thermal conductivity values for a particular location, for the UK that is not the case. Of course, published data exists, and can provide a useful starting point for determining a system design, but to ensure sustainability, and particularly for larger or commercial schemes, a Thermal Response Test is vital for establishing the properties of the unique ground conditions for a particular project. Depending on the size of the ground array, it may even be necessary to conduct more than one TRT.
So what does a Thermal Response Test do?
A Thermal Response Test circulates fluid through a geothermal loop installed within a borehole or pile of a certain length depending on the design of the system for a set period of time (typically 50 hours) in order to determine the thermal conductivity properties of the ground conditions at a particular site and depth. Depending on the outcome of a Thermal Response Test, a GSHP design will either be a)verified, b)increased or c)decreased. If the thermal properties of the ground conditions are found to be less than anticipated, it may be necessary to either increase the number of boreholes or energy piles in a ground array, or install them to a greater depth. If the thermal properties of the ground conditions are found to be better than anticipated, it may be possible to reduce the number of boreholes or energy piles that need to be installed in order to meet an energy requirement.
Can I not just err on the side of caution?
Well, yes, of course you can. But the ground array (or Geo-Exchange) is the most expensive element per kW of a GSHP installation, so oversizing can have a dramatic impact on the cost, and thus the economic viability, of a GSHP installation. Oversizing also has implications in terms of the amount of time it takes to physically install the ground array, leading to further additional costs in terms of labour, headering materials and plant room equipment. A TRT can be conducted on a borehole either installed early on in a larger scheme to verify the design (with a greater or lesser number subsequently drilled according to the results), or on a borehole specifically drilled for the test, possibly prior to a design being finalised. Either way, the borehole used for the test can be fully included within the final scheme.
What if my ground array is too small?
Now we're in horror story territory. At best, the system will put too much strain on the ground, with the effect that the CoP (Coefficient of Performance) of the Heat Pump is greatly reduced, meaning it is much more expensive to run. A sustainable and well designed Heat Pump system should provide a CoP of about 4, meaning that for every unit of electricity the Heat Pump uses, it produces 4 units of heat energy. If your CoP is reduced, not only will it be costing you far more to run your system, you will also be reducing or possibly even negating your carbon savings. A dramatically undersized ground array can freeze solid, causing the ground to swell with the result of possible damage to nearby structures. First rule of Ground Source Heat Pumps? Don't undersize your ground array. Second rule of Ground Source Heat Pumps? Don't undersize your ground array.
What else do I need to know?
A Thermal Response Test cannot be carried out on a freshly installed borehole. You should wait at least 5 full days before conducting a TRT depending on drilling technique and Ground Conditions, in order to ensure any exothermic reactions from the drilling and grouting process has completed and will not affect the results. Good TRT practice is to run a test for a minimum of 50 hours, and GECCO2 take a reading every minute. A TRT can also give an indication of other factors which may affect a GSHP system performance, such as groundwater flow, for which there is no published data.
Please contact us on 01606 786746 or email trt@gecco2.com for any further information

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